The loop-induced processes gg -> h,H,A provide the dominant Higgs boson production mechanisms at the Tevatron and LHC in a large range of the minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model. For squark masses below \sim 400 GeV squark loop contributions become important in addition to the top and bottom quark loops. We have therefore determined the next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the squark contributions of these processes including the full squark and Higgs mass dependences. They turn out to be large and thus important for the LHC experiments. Squark mass effects of the K factors can be of O(20%). In addition we have derived the QCD corrections to the squark contributions of the Higgs couplings to photons, which play a role for the Higgs searches in the photonic decay mode at the LHC and in the gamma gamma collider option of the ILC.